APOLOGETIC EVANGELICAL CONTEXTUAL CHRISTOLOGY
A Pragmatic Approach in the Islamic Context
Abstract
The conflict over Jesus Christ, the ‘Son of God,’ is not new. Thousands of years ago, the disciples faced similar trials; however, the challenge to solve this tension was not based on debates or natural theology, but rather to show the works of Christ. The researcher has argued that various studies on Christology have already been done, however, the Pakistani perspective demands the fullness of Christ in a quite unique way to reimagine Him in the context of socio-economic, political, and religious challenges. On the one hand, though the traditional way of doing Christology highly emphasized the personhood of Christ explaining Him from the eschatological perspective (though it is important), however, on the other hand, it makes Christ a pacifist Jesus who has no concern for the current issues. As a result, this kind of Christological articulation does not explain Christ’s presence in our struggles today.
This piece further demonstrated that the context is not above Christ in discovering who He is in the midst of such a grave situation, but rather contextual realities provide the Pakistani Punjabi Church an opportunity to demonstrate the works of Christ.
Furthermore, this study also argued that the real struggle is not being a minority in this context, but rather being marginalized (economically, politically, and religiously) is the real challenge. This study further argued that the core issue is the ecclesiastical responsibility to overcome all the issues in this context. As a result, ‘Apologetic Evangelical Contextual Christology’ has proposed seeing Christ in all His fullness in the Islamic Context.
Downloads
References
Amjad-Ali, Charles. “Christian Self-Understanding in the Context of Islam Christian – Muslim Relations in Pakistan.” Current Dialogue 52, (2012).
Boff, Leonardo, Sobrino, Jon, & Ellacuria, Ignacio (Ed.), Systematic Theology: Perspectives from Liberation Theology (Readings from Mysterium Liberationis). Maryknoll, NY: Orbis Books, 1996.
Bonhoeffer, Dietrich, Eberhard Bethge (Ed.), Letters and Papers from Prison, The Enlarged Edition, New York, NY: Collier Books, Macmillan Publishing, 1971.
Bosch, David J. Transforming Mission: Paradigm Shifts in theology of Mission. Maryknoll, NY: Orbis Books, 2011.
Cone, James H. Said I Wasn't Gonna Tell Nobody: The Making of a Black Theologian. Maryknoll, NY: Orbis Books, 2018.
Dilawri, Shikha. Searching for Security: The Rising Marginalization of Religious Communities in Pakistan." Sustainable Development Policy Institute, 2014. https://minorityrights.org/app/uploads/2024/01/mrg-searching-for-security-pakistan-report.pdf.
Gravaas, Hans Aage, Sauer, Christof, Engelsviken, Tormod, Kamil, Maqsood, & Jørgensen, Knud (Ed.) “Freedom of Belief and Christian Mission.” in Faith and Freedom in the Land of the Pure. Kamil, Maqsood. Eugene, OR: Wipf & Stock, 2015.
Jivan, Jennifer Jag & Jacob, Peter. Life on the Margins: A Study on the Minority Women in Pakistan. Lahore, Pakistan: National Commission for Justice and Peace, 2012.
John, Kaleem. “Christians and the Blasphemy Laws in Pakistan.” Transformation 17, no.1 (2000): 20-23. https://doi.org/10.1177/026537880001700107.
Jorgensen, Knud (Ed.). “Witnessing to Christ in a Pluralistic World: Christian Mission among Other Faiths.” in Mission among Muslims: Christian Mission. Amjad Ali, Charles. Oxford: Lalsangkima Pachuau, 2011.
Lee, Witness, Christ versus Religion. Anaheim, CA: Living Stream Ministry, 1971.
Malik, Alexander J. “Confessing Christ in the Islamic Context.” in Asian Faces of Jesus, Faith and Cultures Series. Surgirtharajah, R. S. (ed.). Maryknoll, NY: Orbis Books, 1993.
McGrath, Alister E. A Passion for Truth: The Intellectual Coherence of Evangelicalism. Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity Press, 1996.
Meer, Van der. Mission and Spiritual Mapping in Africa. M.Th. Dissertation, University of South Africa, 2000.
Norris, Michele. “Pakistan Minister Killed.” npr, March 2, 2011. https://www.npr.org/2011/03/02/134207966/Pakistan-Minister-Killed.
Packer, J. I., Grudem, Wayne, Fernando, Ajith, & Fernando, Ajith. Mission and Evangelism. Wheaton, IL: Crossway Publishers, 2011.
Samuel, Vinay, Sugden Chris, & Nazir-Ali, Michael. Christology in Islamic Context: Sharing Jesus in the Two Thirds World. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans Pubblishing, 1984.
Schreiter, Robert J. Faces of Jesus in Africa. in Christ as Seen by an African: A Christological Quest. Nthamburi, Zablon. Maryknoll, NY: Orbis Books, 1991.
Singh, David Emmanuel. Jesus and the Cross: Reflections of Christians from Islamic Contexts (Global Theological Voices). in A Pakistani Christian’s perspective on the Cross. Sultan, Pervaiz. Eugene, OR: Wipf and Stock Publishers, 2008.
Stott, John. The Message of Acts. Philadelphia, PA: IVP Academic, 2020.
Stott, John & Wright, Christopher J. H. Dialogue, Christian Mission in the Modern World: Updated and Expanded. Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity Press, 2015.
Wibowo, Wahju Satria. Jesus as Kurban, Christology in the Context of Islam in Indonesia. Ph.D. Dissertation. Amsterdam: Vrije Universiteit, 2014.
Williams, David. T. Christian Approaches to Poverty. Wood Dale, IL: Authors Choice Press, 2001.
Copyright (c) 2024 Aftab Yunis Hakim

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).










